These results are provided for informational purposes only. Please note that the protest period for this event has expired and no changes can or will be made to these results.

Men Cat 3

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Nikolai Klotchkov Unattached 0:50:45.0
2 Lidia Cusack CXHairs Devo/Trek Bikes 0:51:45.0
3 Andre Gates National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:51:46.0
4 Bruno Neto Bayside Velo/Bike Doctor 0:51:59.0
5 Allan Wallace Bayside Velo/Bike Doctor 0:52:05.0
6 Shannon Field Adventures for the Cure 0:53:01.0
7 Hans Lellelid Unattached 0:53:32.0
8 Alexander Gass Northeastern University 0:54:09.0
9 Brent Sturlaugson Unattached 0:54:25.0
10 Ethan Morris DC Velo Limited/dc devo Racing Academy 0:54:37.0
11 Steven Drost Adventures for the Cure 0:55:02.0
12 Ian Cameron National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
13 Michael Thompson Unattached 1 Lap
14 Alexander Hinton Great Eskape 1 Lap
15 Ryan Bowen National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
16 Brian Crowe Great Eskape 1 Lap
17 Timothy Parker Unattached 1 Lap
18 Dylan Stagner Great Eskape 1 Lap
19 George Provine Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 1 Lap
20 Knight Elsberry DCMTB 1 Lap

Men Cat 4

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Max Byer Unattached 0:54:03.0
2 James Paschal Unattached 0:54:50.0
3 Christopher Jones Route 1 Velo/Arrow Bicycle 0:55:55.0
4 Jackson Barnett Unattached 1 Lap
5 Jacob Hines Baltimore Youth Cycling 1 Lap
6 Jesper Frant Unattached 1 Lap
7 Ian Burt Unattached 1 Lap
8 Gabriel Murray Patuxent Velo 1 Lap
9 John Nichols Route 1 Velo/Arrow Bicycle 1 Lap
10 Ashton White Unattached 1 Lap
11 Cian Connolly Baltimore Youth Cycling 1 Lap
12 Matt Holmes Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
13 Josh Greenfeld Unattached 1 Lap
14 Samuel Fuller King University 1 Lap
15 Dustin Byers Team Integrity/Otterhaus/K&F Construction 1 Lap
16 Christopher Grengs Squadra Coppi 1 Lap
17 Liam Vincent Unattached 1 Lap
18 Joshua Bleisch NCVC/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
19 Matthew Toigo Crosshairs Cycling 1 Lap
20 Danny Hayes Unattached 1 Lap
21 Christopher Crane Whole Wheel Velo Club 1 Lap
22 Jan Feuchtner Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
23 Travis Siehndel Unattached 1 Lap
24 Trevor Albert Unattached 1 Lap
25 Michael O'grady Patuxent Velo 1 Lap
26 Adrian Porter Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
27 Matthew Malloy Unattached 1 Lap
28 Antonio Abadia Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 2 Laps
29 Che Hale Unattached 2 Laps
30 Shaun Evans Unattached 2 Laps
31 Andrew Karr Great Eskape 2 Laps
32 Alexander Fowler Cumberland Trail Connection Racing p/b LaVale Vete 2 Laps
33 Noe Cuadra Phoenix Bikes 2 Laps
34 Shawn Smith DCMTB 2 Laps
35 Matthew Mead The Bike Lane 2 Laps
36 Jerome Linkins Baltimore Bicycle Club/Team BBC 2 Laps
37 Dave Provine Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 2 Laps
38 John Hoyt Route 1 Velo/Arrow Bicycle 2 Laps

Men Cat 5 Beginner

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Jay Allred Evolution Cycling Club 0:36:35.0
2 August Warren Unattached 0:37:08.0
3 James Tinker Unattached 0:37:45.0
4 Mason Baturka Lateral Stress Velo Inc./Kelly Benefit Strategies/ 0:37:58.0
5 Stefan Wiesel Unatached 0:38:07.0
6 Linus Owens Team BBC p/b Baltimore Bicycle Works 0:38:43.0
7 Greg Obadia Unattached 0:39:04.0
8 Connor Letendre Unattached 0:39:06.0
9 Alexander Keller SEAVS/Haymarket 0:39:08.0
10 Jonas Juusola-fitzpatrick Frederick Velo/Bike Doctor Frederick 0:40:28.0
11 Brian Lausch Unattached 0:40:38.0
12 Sean O'connor Unattached 0:41:13.0
13 Bart Desmet Unattached 0:41:15.0
14 Tom Dopkin Unattached 0:41:29.0
15 Zachary Bowman Team BBC 0:41:41.0
16 Peter Hatfield Baltimore Bicycle Works Racing 1 Lap
17 Laurence Dennis Biking bad 1 Lap
18 Paul Hunt Unattached 1 Lap
19 John Pretorius Unattached 1 Lap
20 Cedric Guy Unattached 1 Lap
21 Nathaniel Humphries iii Getting It In Cyclists Inc/GII 1 Lap
22 Christopher Adair Annapolis Velo Bicycle Shop 1 Lap
23 Matthew Ryan Unattached 1 Lap
24 Lester Fisher BlackPeopleRideBikes 1 Lap
25 Connor Mangan Velo Orange Factory Racing 1 Lap
26 Daniel Dwire Unattached 1 Lap
27 Don Lustenberger Unattached 1 Lap
28 Bernard Mihm Unattached 1 Lap
29 Kevin Connors Unattached 1 Lap
30 Jeff Lecuit Unattached 1 Lap
31 Joseph Adkins Unattached 1 Lap
32 Brandon Jones Unattached 1 Lap
33 Ever Franco Unattached 2 Laps
34 Kirby Riley Unattached 3 Laps
DNF Jakob Grave Unattached DNF

Men Cat1/2/3 Elite

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Nathan Cusack dc devo Racing Academy 0:56:48.0
2 Evan Coleman DC Velo Limited/dc devo Racing Academy 0:56:48.0
3 Mark Lewis Bayside Velo/Bike Doctor 0:56:51.0
4 Patrick Jarenwattananon Mid-Atlantic Bicycle Racing Association (MABRA)/Di 0:56:58.0
5 Alexander Smith 717 Cycling club 0:56:58.0
6 Ansel Casper Unattached 0:57:35.0
7 Kyle Murphy National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1:00:52.0
8 Joshua Delmanzo Unattached 1:01:38.0
9 Abe Ehlers Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 1 Lap

Men Cat1/2/3 Masters 40+ 1/2/3 40+

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Jared Nieters SEAVS/Haymarket 0:48:39.0
2 Kimani Nielsen Catoctin Cycling Club/OrthoVirginia Racing 0:48:54.0
3 Joe Garcia DistrictTaco Racing 0:48:58.0
4 Raul Rojas DCMTB 0:48:59.0
5 Clemens Arnold SEAVS/Haymarket 0:48:59.0
6 Brian Marchionini DC Velo Limited/DC Velo Racing 0:51:28.0
7 William Faucette Squadra Coppi 0:52:47.0
8 Edward Nessen Crosshairs Cycling 0:53:48.0
9 Chris Mcgill Route 1 Velo 0:54:42.0
10 Ryan Newill Crosshairs Cycling 1 Lap

Men Cat3/4/5 Masters 40+ 3/4/5 40+

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Nick Cordaro DistrictTaco Racing 0:42:05.0
2 Edgar Buckley Unattached 0:42:06.0
3 Andrew Mccallum DC Velo Limited 0:42:16.0
4 Keith Papanicolas Unattached 0:42:58.0
5 Adam Weddington Adventures For the Cure 0:43:11.0
6 Chris Kolster VeloLabs Racing 0:43:14.0
7 Greg Lavallee Unattached 0:43:26.0
8 Eric Mergen Unattached 0:43:54.0
9 Chris Larkin Unattached 0:44:10.0
10 Alex Wurm Unattached 0:44:13.0
11 Ethan Frost First State Velo Sport 0:44:16.0
12 Peter Sherry Unattached 0:44:17.0
13 Babak Mansouri Unattached 0:44:19.0
14 Thomas Krispin Adventures for the Cure 0:44:31.0
15 David Gates National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:44:49.0
16 Daniel Gerhardt Unattached 0:44:58.0
17 Robert Chase The Contender Club/CONTENDER BICYCLES 0:45:07.0
18 Brian Romberger Adventures for the Cure 0:45:19.0
19 Michael Hoffman Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 0:45:23.0
20 Aaron Richardson Whole Wheel Velo Club 0:45:33.0
21 Todd Bibb Unattached 0:45:34.0
22 Dexter Steis Unattached 0:45:47.0
23 Antonio Abadia Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 0:46:22.0
24 Guilherme Roschke Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 0:46:36.0
25 Dane Paris Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
26 Chas Offutt Unattached 1 Lap
27 Barry Defibaugh Blue Ridge Bicycles 1 Lap
28 David Bodkin Unattached 1 Lap
29 Alex Pline Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 1 Lap
30 Mark Skubis Squadra Coppi 1 Lap
31 James Dausch Rock Creek Velo 1 Lap
32 Mike Roth Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 1 Lap
33 Rob Hermstein Unattached 1 Lap
34 Robert Helms Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 1 Lap
35 Che Hale Unattached 1 Lap
36 Kristopher Howard The Bluemont Connection 1 Lap
37 Henning Snyman Unattached 1 Lap
38 Stuart Lee National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
39 Bruce Potter Unattached 1 Lap
40 Eric Ciccoretti National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
41 Marty Byer Unattached 1 Lap
42 Simon Andrews Unattached 1 Lap
43 Adam Austin Crosshairs Cycling 1 Lap
44 Charles Valade Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 1 Lap
45 Michael Porterfield Unattached 1 Lap
46 Paul Neureiter National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
47 Don Watkins Whole Wheel Velo Club 1 Lap
48 Ted Blake Unattached 1 Lap
49 John Hoyt Route 1 Velo/Arrow Bicycle 2 Laps
50 Warren Chambers Adventures for the Cure 2 Laps
51 Gwokang Yang Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team 2 Laps
52 Jayme Newell Sunday Morning Coffee Jam 2 Laps

Men Masters 50+ 50+

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Abe Ehlers Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 0:43:57.0
2 Johnny May Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 0:44:06.0
3 Chris Scott Unattached 0:46:26.0
4 Luther Swift National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:46:59.0
5 Wyatt Shields Team Bikenetic 0:47:03.0
6 Mark Hagen Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 0:47:37.0
7 Ramon Benitez Catoctin Cycling Club/OrthoVirginia Racing 0:47:42.0
8 Scott Stahl Unattached 0:48:23.0
9 Eric Saidel Unattached 0:48:29.0
10 Scott Thompson Squadra Coppi 0:49:13.0
11 Caoly Tran Baltimore Bicycle Club/Team BBC 1 Lap
12 Sean Hourihan Unattached 1 Lap
13 Kemal Tuncer Unattached 1 Lap
14 Bruce Lindsay Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 1 Lap
15 Steven Weiss National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
16 Robert Cannon Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
17 Stephen Claeys Unattached 1 Lap

Men Masters 60+ 60+

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Curtis Southern National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:48:06.0
2 Patrick Hampton Rock Solid Cycling/Schnur Racing 0:49:31.0
3 Bill Marciniak S'Ville Bikes/ S'ville Bikes/ Giant Race Team 0:49:46.0
4 Bill Okeefe Unattached 0:50:09.0
5 Jim Bronson Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 0:50:37.0
6 Shawn Downing JAMSQUAD Cycling 1 Lap
7 Richard Paukstitus Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 1 Lap
8 David Wolfel Squadra Coppi 1 Lap
9 Mark Wisch SEAVS/Haymarket 1 Lap
10 Eric Sloman Unattached 1 Lap
11 Kristofer Singleton Race Pace Bicycles 1 Lap
12 Stephen Owens Annapolis Bicycle Racing Team/ABRT Cycling 1 Lap
13 Frank Smith Unattached 1 Lap
14 Thomas Fulcher Rock Creek Velo 1 Lap
15 Bruce Oliver National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
16 Randall Nixon Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 2 Laps
17 Charles Thomas Unattached 2 Laps
18 David Givens Unattached 2 Laps
19 David Webber Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 2 Laps

Men Open Junior 15-18 9

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Gabriel Wiesen Unattached 0:45:28.0
2 Andre Gates National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:46:46.0
3 Alex Reichmann Rock Creek Velo 0:46:53.0
4 Wilson Faucette Unattached 0:47:11.0
5 Lincoln Summers Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:47:27.0
6 Tofik Beshir Phoenix Bikes 0:48:59.0
7 John Dausch Rock Creek Velo 0:49:52.0
8 Krishna Gupta Rock Creek Velo 1 Lap
9 Griffin Tran Baltimore Youth Cycling 1 Lap
10 Liam King Unattached 1 Lap
11 Mason Baturka Lateral Stress Velo Inc./Kelly Benefit Strategies/ 1 Lap
12 Jean Carlos Unattached 2 Laps
13 Eduardo Ehlers Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 2 Laps
14 Benicio Benitez Catoctin Cycling Club/OrthoVirginia Racing 2 Laps
15 James Elsberry Rock Creek Velo 2 Laps

Men Open Junior Boys 11-12 9

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Mazen Lazar Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:17:13.0
2 Liam Lellelid Unattached 0:17:27.0
3 Ian Marks Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:17:55.0
4 Paxton Summers Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:18:01.0
5 Ava White Unattached 0:18:06.0
6 Ryan Lee Rock Creek Velo 0:18:26.0
7 Anthony Hoffman National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:19:26.0
8 Cora Cusack DC Velo Limited 0:19:58.0
9 William Dausch Rock Creek Velo 0:20:05.0
10 Edward Smith NCVC/United Healthcare 0:20:18.0
11 Benicio Benitez Catoctin Cycling Club/OrthoVirginia Racing 0:20:24.0
12 Benjamin Sieghart Rock Creek Velo 0:20:41.0
13 Nolan Sands Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:20:48.0
14 Penny Jones Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:21:37.0
15 Eduardo Ehlers Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 0:22:04.0
16 Kian Han Rock Creek Velo 0:24:02.0
17 Khalil Mckinney Rock Creek Velo 0:24:21.0
18 Leo Edwards Rock Creek Velo 0:26:06.0
19 Reuben Jawetz Unattached 0:29:25.0
20 Ryder Newell Unattached 0:32:14.0
21 Tucker Anderson unattached 0:32:56.0
DNF James Elsberry Rock Creek Velo DNF

Men Open Junior Boys 13-14 9

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Grey Meerdter Unattached 0:30:01.0
2 Alexander Sarkisov Rock Creek Velo 0:32:44.0
3 Mason Siedor Lateral Stress Velo Inc./Kelly Benefit Strategies/ 0:32:59.0
4 Kyan Guy Team sMORE 0:34:33.0
5 Mitchell Baturka Lateral Stress Velo Inc./Kelly Benefit Strategies/ 0:35:03.0
6 Quentin Bodkin Rock Creek Velo 0:35:36.0
7 Miles Provine Sportif Coaching Group/AVC 1 Lap
8 Nathaniel Fletcher Rock Creek Velo 1 Lap

Men Open Junior Boys 9-10

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Peter Muffels Rock Creek Velo 0:22:49.0
2 Devin George Unattached 0:22:51.0
3 Maks Roma-shtylla Rock Creek Velo 0:24:34.0
4 James Larkin Unattached 0:24:53.0
5 Khalifa Dennis Biking bad 0:26:30.0
6 Malachi Franklin Unattached 0:27:05.0
7 Charles Griffiths Unattached 0:28:29.0
8 Charlie Dausch Rock Creek Velo 0:29:37.0
9 Oliver Lellelid National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:29:43.0
10 Leland Richardson VDAY 0:30:38.0
11 Judah Mergen Unattached 0:32:02.0
12 Shane Anderson unattached 0:33:08.0
13 Jack Warbelow Unattached 0:39:13.0

Men Open Singlespeed

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Craig Etheridge Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 0:50:22.0
2 Curtis Alia NCVC/UnitedHealthcare 0:51:21.0
3 Matthew Slater Unattached 0:52:49.0
4 Peter Tyson Team Bikenetic 0:53:30.0
5 George Lewis Team Bikenetic 0:54:21.0
6 Luther Swift National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
7 Alexander Gray Baltimore Bicycle Club/Team BBC 1 Lap
8 Nicholas Wood Bluemont Connection 1 Lap
9 Brian Crowe Great Eskape 1 Lap
10 Josh Greenfeld Unattached 2 Laps
11 Daniel Dwire Unattached 2 Laps

Women Cat 3

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Liliana Edwards Rock Creek Velo 0:42:31.0
2 Mackenzie Yates Unattached 0:42:43.0
3 Diana Burk National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:43:01.0
4 Dori Buckethal Catoctin Cycling Club/OrthoVirginia Racing 0:44:36.0
5 Kelly Lynam IBCC Racing 1 Lap
6 Jenny Bourque Bluemont Connection 1 Lap
7 Olivia Shoemaker National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
8 Casey Bailey Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
9 Rosalind Hain Colavita Racing Inc./Colavita-Whole Foods Market R 1 Lap
10 Ashlea Gray Baltimore Bicycle Club/Team BBC 1 Lap
11 Kathleen Holmes National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap

Women Cat 4

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Tonya White Unattached 0:37:46.0
2 Christy Lausch Unattached 0:38:06.0
3 Kat Brady Unattached 0:38:11.0
4 Erika Gardner National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:38:22.0
5 Hannah Stallkamp Unattached 0:38:55.0
6 Sharon Squassoni Rock Creek Velo 0:40:28.0
7 Rebecca Irwin kennedy Rock Creek Velo 0:40:41.0
8 Elena Crouch The Bike Rack/ Bike Rack Racing 0:41:37.0
9 Mallory Scott Team Sticky Fingers 0:42:37.0
10 Evelyn Murcia Phoenix Bikes 0:42:58.0
11 Sara Carioscia Unattached 0:44:55.0
12 Jennifer Werner Unattached 0:45:11.0
13 Taneika Duhaney Unattached 0:47:34.0
14 Melanie Campbell Unattached 1 Lap
15 Cassandra Bowen National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap
16 Christine Feldt Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
17 Anna Doorenbos Unattached 2 Laps

Women Cat1/2/3 Elite

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Alyssa White Unattached 0:37:58.0
2 Alyssa Sarkisov TREK BIKES 0:38:42.0
3 Beth Catherwood US Military Endurance Sports 0:40:18.0
4 Chelsea Richwine Crosswind Racing p/b Spokes Etc 0:41:08.0
5 Alexandra Campbellforte Dirty Kitten Racing 0:41:54.0
6 Rebecca Auyer Team Bikenetic 0:42:36.0
7 Olivia Sandoval Unattached 0:43:29.0
8 Julia Slejko Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 0:45:34.0

Women Cat4/5 Beginner

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Stacy Joyce Unattached 0:38:19.0
2 Sara Carioscia Unattached 0:38:40.0
3 Sarah Stahl Baltimore bicycle Club 0:39:43.0
4 Kathleen Mihm Unattached 0:40:43.0
5 Logan Mintz Unattached 0:41:27.0
6 Diane Harris Getting It In Cyclists Inc 0:43:17.0
7 Taneika Duhaney Unattached 0:44:09.0
8 Michelle Drexler Unattached 1 Lap
9 Stephanie Denmark Ride Allegheny 1 Lap
10 Joy Sushinsky Team BBC 1 Lap
11 Margo Workman Baltimore Bicycle Club/Team BBC 1 Lap
12 Christine Manganaro Baltimore Bicycle Club 1 Lap

Women Master 45+ 45+

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Cara Schultz Team Bikenetic 0:43:57.0
2 Irina Sarkisov Crosshairs Cycling 0:44:39.0
3 Elizabeth Harlow Unattached 0:45:00.0
4 Melissa Ekey Charm City Cycling LLC/C3-Wagner Roofing 1 Lap
5 Jennifer Han Rock Creek Velo 1 Lap
6 Kibby Powell Unattached 1 Lap
7 Karen Good Baltimore Bicycle Club/ Team BBC 3 Laps

Women Open Junior 15-18 9

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Kate Workman Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:32:46.0
2 Eleanor Dausch Rock Creek Velo 0:35:21.0
3 Ari Reichmann Rock Creek Velo 0:36:54.0
4 Stella Smith Phoenix Bikes 0:38:50.0
5 Gracie Defibaugh Frederick Velo/Bike Doctor Frederick 0:39:43.0
6 Genevieve Gordon National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 1 Lap

Women Open Junior Girls 11-12 9

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Allison Workman Baltimore Youth Cycling 0:21:59.0
2 Lillian Gerhardt Unattached 0:23:35.0
3 Caroline Nichols Unattached 0:26:34.0
4 Rahini Sharma Rock Creek Velo 0:29:54.0
5 Sarai Drost Unattached 0:34:52.0

Women Open Junior Girls 13-14 9

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Tulsi Gupta Rock Creek Velo 0:37:26.0
2 Samantha Coleman Baltimore Youth Cycling 1 Lap
3 Roberta Buckley Rock Creek Velo 1 Lap

Women Open Junior Girls 9-10

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Caroline Mcconnell Rock Creek Velo 0:25:36.0
2 Amal Kanu Baltimore Youth Cycling 1 Lap

Women Open Singlespeed

Pl First Name Last Name Team Time
1 Christina Hosenfeld Unattached 0:53:49.0
2 Diana Burk National Capital Velo Club/UnitedHealthcare 0:54:20.0
3 Olivia Sandoval Unattached 1 Lap
4 Casey Bailey Team Bikenetic 1 Lap
5 Kat Brady Unattached 1 Lap